Full-time equivalent (FTE) employment is modelled by NIEIR and takes into account differences in hours worked between industry sectors. It is a measure that allows direct comparison of employment between industries in Australia.
Typically, industries such as Retail Trade and Accommodation and Food Services, which employ many part-time workers, have lower FTE employment than total employment.
FTE employment is calculated directly by dividing the total hours worked in each industry by 38. By comparing the number of full-time equivalent jobs in each industry sector to a regional benchmark, you can clearly see the structure of Australia's economy. This can be done by directly comparing the area to its benchmark, or by using a location quotient to look at the relative size of industries.
FTE employment should be viewed in conjunction with Employment by industry (Total) and Employment by industry (Census), for a full understanding of the industry breakdown in the area. Worker productivity data shows the value of a worker in each industry to the local economy. Employment locations shows where employment is taking place in each industry sector.
Data source
National Economics (NIEIR) - Modelled series
Current area:
Current benchmark:
Comparison year:
| Full-time equivalent employment by industry sector | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | 2023/24 | 2018/19 | Change | ||||||
| Industry | Number | % | Australia BM | Number | % | Australia BM | 2018/19 - 2023/24 | ||
| Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing | 305,554 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 334,367 | 3.1 | 3.1 | -28,813 | ||
| Mining | 331,978 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 267,305 | 2.5 | 2.5 | +64,673 | ||
| Manufacturing | 813,211 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 846,957 | 7.9 | 7.9 | -33,746 | ||
| Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services | 167,190 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 145,752 | 1.4 | 1.4 | +21,439 | ||
| Construction | 1,228,930 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 1,110,401 | 10.4 | 10.4 | +118,529 | ||
| Wholesale Trade | 359,134 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 361,404 | 3.4 | 3.4 | -2,271 | ||
| Retail Trade | 913,643 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 894,106 | 8.4 | 8.4 | +19,537 | ||
| Accommodation and Food Services | 595,174 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 590,260 | 5.5 | 5.5 | +4,914 | ||
| Transport, Postal and Warehousing | 644,216 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 603,338 | 5.7 | 5.7 | +40,878 | ||
| Information Media and Telecommunications | 182,317 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 206,640 | 1.9 | 1.9 | -24,323 | ||
| Financial and Insurance Services | 484,835 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 399,721 | 3.7 | 3.7 | +85,113 | ||
| Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services | 195,382 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 188,734 | 1.8 | 1.8 | +6,648 | ||
| Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | 1,140,050 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 956,305 | 9.0 | 9.0 | +183,744 | ||
| Administrative and Support Services | 332,637 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 323,624 | 3.0 | 3.0 | +9,014 | ||
| Public Administration and Safety | 822,544 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 721,362 | 6.8 | 6.8 | +101,182 | ||
| Education and Training | 976,999 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 861,721 | 8.1 | 8.1 | +115,278 | ||
| Health Care and Social Assistance | 1,662,523 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 1,278,181 | 12.0 | 12.0 | +384,342 | ||
| Arts and Recreation Services | 187,966 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 174,218 | 1.6 | 1.6 | +13,748 | ||
| Other Services | 424,799 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 413,621 | 3.9 | 3.9 | +11,178 | ||
| Total industries | 11,769,082 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 10,678,016 | 100.0 | 100.0 | +1,091,066 | ||
Source: National Institute of Economic and Industry Research (NIEIR) ©2025. Compiled and presented in economy.id by .id (informed decisions). NIEIR-ID data are adjusted each year, using updated employment estimates. Each release may change previous years’ figures. Learn more Please refer to specific data notes for more information | |||||||||
Dominant groups
An analysis of the jobs held by the full-time equivalent local workers in Australia in 2023/24 shows the three largest industries were:
- Health Care and Social Assistance (1,662,523 people or 14.1%)
- Construction (1,228,930 people or 10.4%)
- Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (1,140,050 people or 9.7%)
In combination these three fields accounted for 4,031,503 people in total or 34.3% of the local workers.
In comparison, Australia BM employed 14.1% in Health Care and Social Assistance; 10.4% in Construction and 9.7% in Professional, Scientific and Technical Services.
The major differences between the jobs held by the full-time equivalent local workers of Australia and Australia BM were:
- A smaller percentage of full-time equivalent local workers employed in Other Services (3.6% compared to 3.6%)
- A smaller percentage of full-time equivalent local workers employed in Arts and Recreation Services (1.6% compared to 1.6%)
- A smaller percentage of full-time equivalent local workers employed in Health Care and Social Assistance (14.1% compared to 14.1%)
- A smaller percentage of full-time equivalent local workers employed in Education and Training (8.3% compared to 8.3%)
Emerging groups
The number of full-time equivalent local workers in Australia increased by increased by 1,091,066 between 2018/19 and 2023/24.
The largest changes in the jobs held by the full-time equivalent local workers between 2018/19 and 2023/24 in Australia were for those employed in:
- Health Care and Social Assistance (+384,342 full-time equivalent local workers)
- Professional, Scientific and Technical Services (+183,744 full-time equivalent local workers)
- Construction (+118,529 full-time equivalent local workers)
- Education and Training (+115,278 full-time equivalent local workers)